| table 2. History of the Milk Thistle as a Liver Remedy |
|
| Century/Year |
Use/Indication |
Source |
|
| 4th Century B.C. |
General medicinal herb |
Theophrastus |
| 1st Century A.D. |
Emetic, general medicinal herb |
Dioskurides |
| 11th Century A.D. |
Ulcers, shingles |
Hildegard von Bingen, Causae et curae |
| 1564 |
Stitch in the side, astringent |
A. Lonicerus, Kreuterbuch, Frankfurt |
| 1626 |
Stitch in the side, pestilence, renal calculi |
P.A. Matthiolus, Neues Kreuterbuch, Prague |
| 1755 |
Liver disease, liver pain |
A. von Haller, Medicinisches Lexikon, Frankfurt |
| 1846/1951 |
Liver disease, icterus, biliary colic |
J.G. Rademacher, Erfahrungsheillehre, Berlin |
1938
|
Hepato-cholangiopathies, chronic leg ulcers
|
G. Madaus, Lehrbuch der biologischen Heilmittel, Leipzig
|
Year
|
Characterization/First Clinical Studies
|
Source (reference)
|
| 1968-1974 |
Characterization of active compounds |
Wagner et al.25 and Sonnenbichler et al.26 |
| 1971 |
First animal experimental studies on liver protection |
Platt et al.27 |
|
Antidote for Amanita phalloides intoxication in the rat |
Schriewer et al.28 |
| 1976-1988 |
Elucidation of molecular actions of silibinin |
Sonnenbichler et al.26 |
| 1977/1978 |
First controlled clinical studies in acute viral hepatitis |
Bode et al.29 and Magliulo et al.30 |
| 1980 |
First controlled study in alcoholic cirrhosis |
Benda et al.31 |
| 1980-1981 |
Amanita phalloides antidote in clinical studies |
Hruby et al.32 |
|
